Reactions between chemicals can cause many types of explosions, depending on the nature of the reaction, the form of energy released, and the physical state of the product. The following are examples of common explosion types and related chemical combinations： --- ### 1. **Severe redox reaction (rapid release of gas)** -**Example combination**： -**Acid and active metal** (such as hydrochloric acid and sodium metal)： \ (2 \text{Na} + 2 \text {HCl} \ rightarrow 2 \text{NaCl} + \text {H}_2↑ + \text {heat} \) Hydrogen is mixed with oxygen and explodes in case of fire (gas explosion). -**Ammonium nitrate and fuel oil **(ANFO explosives): Ammonium nitrate(oxidizing agent) and hydrocarbon fuels exothermate violently, releasing a large amount of gas (such as \(\text{CO}_2, \text{H}_2\text{O}, \text{N}_2\)). -**Explosion type**: A physical explosion caused by the rapid expansion of the gas volume. --- ### 2. **Spontaneous decomposition explosion (generation of unstable compounds)** -**Example combination**： -**Concentrated sulfuric acid and potassium permanganate**(mixed with a strong oxidizing agent): generate \(\text{Mn}_2\text{O}_7\), which is easy to explode by heat or vibration. -**Ethanol and concentrated sulfuric acid** (generate ethyl bisulfate): decompose at high temperature and cause explosion. -**Explosion type**: The decomposition reaction releases a lot of heat and gas, such as \(\text{O}_2, \text{SO}_2\). --- ### 3. **Mixed explosives (explode upon contact)** -**Example combination**： - **Potassium chlorate and red phosphorus**: React violently under grinding or impact to generate \(\text{KCl}\) and \(\text{P}_2\text{O}_5\), releasing a lot of heat. -**Liquid oxygen and organic matter** (such as sawdust): Liquid oxygen is used as a strong oxidizing agent and explodes with slight friction after contact with combustibles. -**Explosion type**: Highly sensitive redox reaction. --- ### 4. **Peroxide accumulation and explosion** -**Example combination**： -**Long-term storage of diethyl ether**: peroxyether (such as diethyl peroxide) is generated, decomposed and exploded by heat or vibration. -**Acetone and hydrogen peroxide**: Triacetone triperoxide (TATP) is generated under acidic conditions, which is extremely unstable. -**Explosion type**: Decomposition reaction of peroxide. --- ### 5. **Dust explosion** -**Example conditions**： -**Combustible dust (such as flour, aluminum powder) mixed with air**: After reaching the explosion limit, it burns and expands instantly when it encounters a fire source. -**Explosion type**: Rapid combustion in the aerosol state. --- ###️️**Safety Warning** 1. **Do not mix chemicals at will**: Even small amounts of mixing may get out of control. 2. **Avoid a confined environment**: Gas expansion can easily cause the container to break. 3. **Professional operation**: Experiments involving explosives must be carried out under controlled conditions. For more information about specific reaction mechanisms or safety measures, please provide more background information.