Drugs or supplements that improve memory and attention need to be used according to individual circumstances and medical guidance. The following are some common categories and precautions.： --- ###**1. Prescription drugs (need to be prescribed by a doctor, not for self-use)** 1. **Central nervous system stimulants** -**Examples of drugs**: methylphenidate (such as ritalin), amodafenil, modafenil -**Use**: It is mainly used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or narcolepsy, which may enhance attention in the short term. -**Risk**: It may cause side effects such as dependence, insomnia, and anxiety, and abuse in healthy people may cause serious adverse reactions. 2. **Alzheimer's disease drugs** -**Examples of drugs**: Donepezil (Anlishen), Memantine -**Use**: It is used to improve the cognitive function of patients with dementia, but the effect on healthy people is not clear. -**Risks**: Strictly follow the doctor's instructions, side effects include nausea, dizziness, etc. --- ###**2. Over-the-counter supplements (the effect varies from person to person, and some evidence is limited)** 1. **Natural extracts** -**Ginkgo biloba extract**: May improve cerebral blood flow, but research results are inconsistent, long-term use requires caution. -**Bacopa Monnieri (Bacopa Monnieri)**: Traditional herbal medicine, may have a slight improvement in memory. 2. **Nutrients** -**Omega-3 fatty acids (DHA/EPA)**: Present in fish oil, it supports the health of brain cells and needs to be taken for a long time. - **Vitamin B group (B6/B9/B12)**: Deficiency may lead to cognitive decline. Supplementation needs to be based on test results. 3. **Other** -**Caffeine**: Improves alertness in the short term, but excessive use can cause anxiety or dependence. -**L-theanine (in combination with caffeine)**: May improve attention, commonly found in green tea extract. --- ###**Three, precautions** 1. **Avoid self-medication**: Many "Nootropics" (Nootropics) lack long-term safety data and may interact with other drugs. 2. **Disease investigation**: Memory loss may be a symptom of atrophy, depression, sleep disorders and other diseases, and priority treatment of the original disease is required. 3. **Legal risks**: Some drugs (such as modafinil) are controlled drugs in some countries, and illegal use may violate the law. --- ###**Fourth, a safer choice: non-pharmaceutical methods** -**Sleep optimization**: Deep sleep is essential for memory consolidation. -**Regular exercise**: Aerobic exercise can promote the secretion of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). -**Cognitive training**: Meditation, memory games, or learning new skills may be safer and more effective. **Suggestion**: If necessary, please consult a neurologist or psychiatrist to make a plan based on your personal health.