In real estate transactions, there are some unethical or illegal methods that may mislead buyers or tenants about the true condition of the real estate. The following are some common methods and their potential risks： --- ###**1. Concealment or tampering with information** 1. **Cover up physical defects** -**Means**: Deliberately hide structural problems of the house (such as cracks, foundation sinking), water leakage, mildew, pests, etc. -**For example**: Use furniture to cover the damaged area of the wall, or rent out quickly before the rainy season to avoid exposure to water leakage. 2. **False property rights information** -**Means**: Conceal legal risks such as property rights disputes, mortgage situations, and the failure of the co-owner to agree to the sale. -**Example**: Falsifying proof of property rights, or falsely claiming that "historical disputes have been resolved”" 3. **Non-disclosure of environmental issues** -**Means**: Did not inform the surrounding pollution sources (such as noise, industrial emissions), cemeteries, high-voltage lines and other unfavorable factors. --- ###**2. Misleading publicity and display** 1. **Visual beautification** -**Means**: Use wide-angle lenses, virtual decoration software (such as PS) or model rooms to exaggerate the sense of space and cover up the actual size defects. -**Example**: Promote a room with an actual floor height of 2.8 meters as “3 meters high". 2. **False promises of supporting facilities** -**Means**: Fictitious future plans (such as subways, schools, and business districts), or projects that falsely claim to have been approved but have not yet been implemented. 3. **Short-term rental package** -**Means**: Temporarily arrange furniture and lighting when tenants visit the house to cover up the inconvenience of long-term residence (such as poor lighting and ventilation problems). --- ###**3. Financial and contract pitfalls** 1. **Hidden fees** -**Means**: Add undeclared fees (such as property fees, maintenance funds, transfer taxes, etc.) at the later stage of the transaction. 2. **Misrepresent the return on investment** -**Means**: Exaggerate rental income or appreciation potential, and use false data to induce investment. - **Example**: It claims that the "annual rental return rate is 8%”, but the actual market is only 4-5%. 3. **Ambiguity of contract terms** -**Means**: Use complex terms or vague expressions to avoid liability (such as maintenance obligations, breach of contract clauses). --- ###**Fourth, psychological manipulation strategy** 1. **Create a sense of urgency** -**Means**: Falsely claiming that “multi-person bidding” and “limited-time discounts" force buyers to make hasty decisions. 2. **Optional information provision** -**Means**: Only emphasize the advantages (such as convenient transportation) and avoid the disadvantages (such as proximity to a garbage disposal plant). 3. **Falsifying market data** -**Means**: Provide false house price or rental data in the same area to mislead the judgment of market value. --- ###**5. Technical fraud** 1. **Forged documents** -**Means**: Tampering with architectural drawings, acceptance reports, or falsifying property permit documents (such as illegal construction disguised as a legal space). 2. **Misleading sales of scheduled houses** -**Means**: Using renderings or sandbags to falsely mark the spacing and greening rate of buildings, the actual delivery has been severely reduced. --- ###**Preventive advice** 1. **Independently verify information** -Request to view the original property rights documents and building acceptance reports, and entrust a third-party organization to inspect the house. 2. **Multiple field visits** -Check the property at different time periods (such as morning and evening peak, rainy days) to understand the real environment. 3. **Legal review** -Confirm the terms of the contract and the legality of property rights through a lawyer or notary office. 4. **Be wary of over-commitment** -Be rational about propaganda such as “high return” and “no risk”, and verify data sources. --- Real estate transactions involve significant capital investment. Buyers or tenants need to be vigilant and verify information through professional channels to avoid losses caused by misleading behavior.