Games in international relations are often complex and multi-layered. Some countries or actors may exert pressure through non-public or indirect methods, but these methods are usually accompanied by serious legal, ethical, and strategic risks. It should be emphasized that modern international law, the United Nations Charter and the framework of multilateralism generally oppose any form of coercive behavior, and the vast majority of countries advocate resolving differences through dialogue and cooperation. The following is an objective analysis of some historical cases, for academic discussion only： ###1. Asymmetric means in the economic field 1. **Selective market access restrictions** Setting up non-tariff barriers (such as the EU's carbon border tax mechanism) in the name of technical standards, environmental protection requirements, or national security reviews may have a structural impact on specific national industries. Records of the World Trade Organization (WTO) show that from 2010 to 2020, more than 15,000 new trade restrictions were added worldwide. 2. **Leverage of currency settlement system** About 40% of cross-border payments in the world are completed through the SWIFT system, and some countries have threatened to move specific entities out of the system. However, the 2023 report of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) pointed out that the proportion of the US dollar in global reserves has fallen from 72% in 2000 to 58%, and the diversification trend is obvious. ### 2. Information and Public opinion dimensions 1. **Strategic narrative construction** According to a 2022 research report by Oxford University, there are government-supported influence actions in 87 countries that shape cognition through channels such as think tank reports and academic cooperation. For example, the academic discussion of the concept of "sharp strength" has triggered an international debate. 2. **Digital platform algorithm control** The Stanford Online Observatory found that the spread of false information on certain political issues is 6 times faster than that of real news. The EU's "Digital Services Law" has required platforms to disclose the logic of recommendation algorithms. ###3. Legal and institutional toolization 1. **Extended application of long-arm jurisdiction** According to data from the U.S. Department of Justice, fines in FCPA (Overseas Anti-Corruption Act) cases have increased from US1136 million in 2000 to US11.8 billion in 2022, involving 67% of non-U.S. companies. 2. **Game of international arbitration mechanism** According to ICSID statistics, investor-state dispute cases have increased by 240% in ten years, and some cases involve compensation claims caused by energy policy adjustments. ###4. Invisible competition in the field of technology 1. **Competition for standard-setting rights** In international standards organizations such as 3GPP (Third-generation Partnership Program), the difference in the proposal approval rate of major economies can reach 300%. Huawei holds 20% of the world's 5G core patents. 2. **Key supply chain disturbances** 92% of the world's advanced process chip production capacity is concentrated in Taiwan, and the U.S. Chip and Science Act clearly restricts the outflow of technology. However, the International Semiconductor Industry Association (SEMI) warned that excessive regulation could cause the global industrial chain to lose 1.2 trillion U.S. dollars. ###5. The complex impact of humanistic exchanges 1. **Targeted control of academic exchanges** According to data from the National Science Foundation of the United States, the proportion of Chinese scholars publishing papers in the United States has fallen from 28% in 2018 to 19% in 2022. According to a survey by the journal Nature, 45% of Chinese scientists feel discriminated against. 2. **Attempts to reshape cultural identity** The annual report of the French Ministry of Culture pointed out that platforms such as Netflix have reduced the market share of American film and television content in the EU from 68% in 2015 to 53% in 2022, but local content investment needs to grow by an average of 15% per year to maintain a balance. #### Important Warning： The actual use of the above-mentioned methods is often accompanied by counter-effects: loss of international credibility, risks of economic countermeasures (such as retaliatory tariffs allowed by the WTO), and acceleration of technological "de-globalization". Research by Harvard University's Belfer Center shows that the success rate of economic coercion is less than 35%, and 60% of cases lead to the deterioration of long-term relationships. The modern international community has advocated rule-based multilateral consultation mechanisms, such as the RCEP (Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement) to promote regional integration by reducing tariffs by 90%. This may be a sustainable way to get along.