The following discussion is only used to analyze and understand the malicious behavior patterns that may appear in market competition. It does not constitute any operational advice, nor does it advocate or condone any improper or illegal activities. In reality, spreading false information and damaging the reputation of competitors often involves defamation, fraud, and even commercial sabotage, which may violate the law and bring serious legal consequences. The following are some methods mentioned in studies and reports for academic discussion and risk identification: 1. Spreading rumors online using anonymity or false identities • Using social media platforms, forums, and anonymous blogs to publish false information about competitors. • Creating and manipulating fake accounts ("water army" or "network robots") to continuously forward and spread unfavorable information, thereby creating the illusion that the rumor is widely spread. 2. Manipulating and using media resources • Approaching some self-media, opinion leaders, or small platforms, and using economic or other incentives to make them publish negative comments that lack factual basis. • Producing fake news reports, videos, or documents, and posting them on news websites or specially established websites in an attempt to make the audience believe them. 3. Spreading false internal information or "insider information" • Obtaining the opponent's internal information in advance (or forging so-called internal information), and then carefully packaging it and releasing it to the public, taking advantage of the public's sensitivity to internal leaks, thereby causing a crisis of trust in the opponent. • Using the media or online platforms to hype up so-called "insiders" and "poor management" and other negative rumors. 4. Creating and utilizing the "information island" effect • Through targeted advertising, social media push and other means, let specific audience groups be exposed to a single version of false information, affecting their overall judgment of the opponent. • Conducting targeted public opinion offensives against the competitor's target market, and using data analysis to select susceptible user groups. 5. Using false user reviews and word-of-mouth marketing • Posting a large number of false negative reviews on e-commerce platforms, professional evaluation websites, etc., to affect consumers' trust in competitors' products or services. • Organizing "water army groups" to systematically give negative "word-of-mouth" publicity on various social platforms to lower the brand image. 6. Spreading information of panic and safety concerns • Even if there is no actual basis, doubts are created through various channels regarding possible safety hazards or quality problems of competitors' products, thereby affecting consumers' purchasing decisions. It should be emphasized that these methods are inherently unfair and potentially illegal. Modern society has increasingly stringent regulations on false information and malicious business practices. Once verified, not only will the reputation and business of the rumor spreader be seriously damaged, but the rumor spreader may also face civil lawsuits or even criminal liability. In competition, companies should adopt legal and legitimate means to improve the quality of their products and services, rather than relying on illegal and short-sighted means to engage in negative competition.