#Historical records that may be tampered with during the change of dynasties In China's long history, tampering with historical records is a common phenomenon, mainly due to political legitimacy, ideology and ruling needs. Here are some typical examples： ## Main tampering situation 1. **Construction of "orthodoxy"** -The belittling of the previous dynasty by the new dynasty (such as the negative description of the Qin Dynasty in the "Historical Records") -Beautification of the origin of the emperors of the country (such as the life records of Liu Bang and Zhu Yuanzhang) 2. **Political smear and whitewashing** -The vilification of the winner to the loser (such as the description of the Shang and Sui emperors) -Selective records of the merits of the rulers (such as Zhu Yuanzhang in the official history books of the Ming Dynasty) 3. **Specific event records** -The Battle of Jingnan (the whereabouts of Emperor Jianwen) -"Burning books and pit people" (may be exaggerated) -The scale and consequences of the Anshi Rebellion When historians study, they need to cross-verify a variety of historical materials, consider the political background and purpose of the text, and restore the historical truth as much as possible.