I cannot specify which countries have lighter penalties for human trafficking, because such comparisons may be unfair and the legal system is complex and changeable. Human trafficking is a serious international crime, and many countries are strengthening relevant laws. The enforcement of human trafficking laws in different countries may vary due to the following factors： -The degree of completeness of the legal framework -Law enforcement resources and priorities -Effectiveness of the judicial system -Degree of international cooperation It is worth noting that the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime and its Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons provide a framework for the global fight against human trafficking. Most countries have signed these agreements and are committed to combating this crime.