On social platforms, there are a variety of operations and strategies that can lead the public to have a wrong understanding of a social event. These methods are often used to spread false information, manipulate public opinion, or achieve specific political or commercial goals. Here are some common operations: 1. **Publishing fake news and misinformation**: - Deliberately creating and spreading false or misleading news reports. - Using exaggerated or out-of-context headlines to attract clicks and shares. 2. **Using robots and fake accounts**: - Creating a large number of robot accounts (bots) to automatically post, forward and like specific content to create public opinion hotspots. - Simulating the interaction of real users through fake accounts to enhance the credibility of information. 3. **Manipulating algorithm recommendations**: - Using hot topics or manipulating keywords to make specific content more exposed on the platform. - Using the platform's recommendation algorithm to push biased content to more users. 4. **Selective information disclosure (Cherry-Picking)**: - Sharing only information that supports a certain point of view, ignoring or hiding contrary evidence and opinions. - By selectively presenting facts, the public's understanding of the event is one-sided. 5. **Creating and disseminating deepfakes**: - Using artificial intelligence technology to create realistic videos or audios to fabricate the speech and behavior of celebrities or public figures. - These fake contents may mislead the public into misunderstanding the true situation of the event. 6. **Psychological targeting and precision delivery**: - Using user data to make psychological portraits and push information that suits the preferences of specific groups. - Through personalized ads and content, users' existing views and prejudices are strengthened and exposure to opposing views is reduced. 7. **Hashtag hijacking**: - Using popular tags to publish content that is irrelevant or misleading to the tagged topic to confuse the public's understanding of the event. - In this way, the right to speak on a specific topic may be manipulated. 8. **Astroturfing**: - Disguised as spontaneous public movements or opinions, they are actually manipulated by organizations or stakeholders. - This operation can create false public support or opposition. 9. **Exploiting the echo chamber effect**: - Spreading information within homogeneous social groups to strengthen the consensus and prejudice within the group. - Limiting the spread of different viewpoints leads to a simplistic public understanding of events. 10. **Paid advertising and hidden promotion**: - Promoting specific content through paid advertising while disguising it as user-generated content to increase its credibility. - Using native advertising to make the promoted content more covert and difficult to identify its commercial or political motives. **Preventive measures**: In order to reduce the risk of being misled, the public should improve their information literacy, critically evaluate information sources, verify information from multiple sources, and pay attention to content published by authoritative media and credible institutions. At the same time, social platforms should also strengthen content review and transparency to combat false information and malicious operations.