Whether former offenders can completely change their bad habits is a complex and multifaceted issue. Different individuals have different situations, and the possibility of reform is affected by many factors. Here are some key factors and related perspectives: ### 1. **Personal motivation and willingness** The first condition for reform is strong internal motivation and willingness of individuals. Those who truly want to change, admit their past mistakes and actively seek help are often more likely to successfully leave criminal behavior. ### 2. **Social support and environment** A stable social support system, including family, friends, community and career opportunities, plays an important role in the reintegration and behavioral transformation of former offenders. Lack of support or being in a high-pressure environment may increase the risk of relapse. ### 3. **Education and vocational training** Providing education and vocational training opportunities can help former offenders obtain legal livelihoods and reduce the possibility of re-offending due to economic pressure or lack of skills. ### 4. **Mental health and addiction issues** Many criminal behaviors are related to mental health problems or substance abuse. Timely psychological treatment and addiction treatment are essential to prevent relapse. ### 5. **Support from the Justice System** Rehabilitative justice systems, such as correctional programs, counseling, and community corrections, can effectively help offenders reintegrate into society. In contrast, punishment alone may not be enough to change behavior. ### 6. **Individual Differences** Each person has a different background, experience, and personality, which leads to different degrees of difficulty in rehabilitation. Some people may have greater difficulty in the rehabilitation process, while others can successfully transform. ### Research and Data Many studies have shown that appropriate intervention and support can significantly reduce recidivism rates. For example, correctional programs that provide education and vocational training, cognitive behavioral therapy, and other methods have achieved certain results in helping offenders to reform. However, relapse is still a problem, in part because some of the above factors have not been adequately addressed. ### Conclusion It cannot be generalized that "ex-offenders usually do not completely change their bad habits." In fact, many former offenders have successfully changed their life trajectories and become active members of society through their own efforts and external support. However, some people fail to completely change for various reasons and continue to engage in illegal behavior. Therefore, a comprehensive support system and active individual participation are both key to achieving behavioral transformation.