In popular literature, the key to incorporating extreme viewpoints and creating a subtle influence on readers lies in the use of a variety of narrative techniques to integrate these viewpoints naturally into the story without appearing forced or deliberate. Here are some common and effective methods: 1. **Metaphor and Symbolism**: - **Use metaphor**: Use symbolic scenes, objects or events to convey deep ideas. For example, George Orwell used the personification of animals to metaphorically represent totalitarian regimes in Animal Farm. - **Symbolism**: Use specific symbols or symbols to represent a certain idea, so that readers can naturally come into contact with the extreme viewpoints the author wants to express when interpreting these symbols. 2. **Character Creation**: - **Complex and Multidimensional Characters**: Create characters with inner contradictions and complexities, and let them make choices in the story that reflect specific values, rather than directly instilling ideas. For example, use an anti-hero character to show dissatisfaction with the status quo and desire for change. - **Anti-characters**: Set up opposing characters, and through their conflicts and interactions, imply the pros and cons of certain values or ideologies. 3. **Plot design**: - **Plot guidance**: Design the development of the plot so that it naturally supports a certain point of view, rather than directly preaching. For example, through a series of events, show the consequences of a certain extreme idea, so that readers can experience its rationality or harmfulness for themselves. - **Suspense and conflict**: Use suspense and conflict to promote the plot, while implying specific value judgments, so that readers unconsciously accept a certain point of view in the tense plot. 4. **Language and narrative style**: - **Selective description**: Through the biased selection when describing details, subtly reflect a certain position. For example, when describing social problems, focus on the negative impact of a certain aspect, so as to guide readers to have a specific view. - **Tone and rhythm**: Convey emotional tendencies through specific tones and rhythms, so that readers can feel the author's attitude during the reading process. 5. **Multi-perspective narrative**: - **Multiple perspectives**: Use the perspectives of multiple characters to show different ideas and values, so that certain extreme views are naturally presented in a variety of voices. - **Inner monologue**: Use the inner monologue of the character to reveal his inner motivation and beliefs, and indirectly convey a certain ideology. 6. **Combination of reality and fiction**: - **Reflecting real-life issues**: Incorporating real-life social, political or economic issues into the story to make extreme views seem more realistic and more persuasive. - **Realistic allusions in fictional environments**: Alluding to real-life issues in a fictional world, making it easier for readers to accept certain views through an imaginary background. 7. **Irony and satire**: - **Satire**: Revealing the absurdity of certain extreme views through satire, prompting readers to think critically. - **Ironic expression**: Using expressions that are inconsistent with the actual intentions on the surface to indirectly convey the author's true position. 8. **Progressive presentation**: - **Gradual guidance**: Do not rush to express extreme views all at once, but let readers accept them through gradual accumulation. - **Foreshadowing**: Lay down foreshadowing related to extreme views in the early stories, and then gradually reveal their deeper meanings in the later stages. **Case Analysis**: - **"1984"**: George Orwell subtly conveys a warning against totalitarianism by constructing a totalitarian society, using symbols, character creation and delicate plot design. - **"The Hunger Games"**: Suzanne Collins reflects the criticism of the unjust system by setting up a hierarchical society and cruel competitive games, while allowing readers to accept her implicit views in a gripping story. **Summary**: The key to incorporating extreme views into popular literature is to naturally integrate them into the story rather than expressing them directly. Through metaphors, symbols, complex characters and plot design, the author can influence the reader's thinking and values without showing it. At the same time, it is also crucial to keep the story attractive and readable, and ensure that the communication of views does not sacrifice the quality of the story.