As of 2023, a variety of new synthetic drugs have emerged worldwide, which pose serious challenges to public safety and health due to their diverse structures and relatively low manufacturing costs. The following are some of the more popular new synthetic drug types: 1. **Synthetic opioids**: - **Fentanyls**: Fentanyl and its derivatives (such as alofentanyl and flufentanyl) are widely circulated in the illegal market due to their highly effective analgesic effects and extremely strong addictiveness. These substances have low lethal doses and often lead to overdose deaths. - **Carfentanil**: An emerging fentanyl analog with extremely high potency and great risks of use. 2. **Synthetic cannabinoids**: - These substances mimic the effects of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in natural cannabis, but generally have stronger hallucinogenic effects and higher health risks. There are many varieties of synthetic cannabinoids, including the JWH series, HU series, and various newly developed derivatives. 3. **Synthetic cathinones (bath salts)**: - Synthetic cathinones, such as mephedrone, methylone, and ethcathinone, have strong stimulant and hallucinogenic effects. They are often mistaken for legal "research compounds", but in fact they are seriously harmful to the nervous system. 4. **New hallucinogens**: - Including phenylethylamines, imidazoles, and tryptamines, these substances have hallucinogenic effects and may cause hallucinations, cognitive impairment, and mental health problems. Common new hallucinogens include 2C-B, AL-LAD, etc. 5. **New stimulants**: - Such as new amphetamines and phenylethylamine substances, these stimulants are highly addictive and have the potential for abuse, which may cause cardiovascular disease, mental disorders, and behavioral control. 6. **Designer Benzodiazepines**: - These synthetic drugs mimic the sedative and antianxiety effects of traditional benzodiazepines (such as diazepam), but often lack clinical research support, are extremely risky to use, and may lead to serious dependence and overdose risks. **Prevention and Response**: - **Strengthening supervision**: Countries strengthen supervision of new synthetic drugs and promptly include emerging high-risk substances in the control scope. - **Public Education**: Raise public awareness of new synthetic drugs, understand their harm, and reduce the risk of abuse. - **Medical Intervention**: Provide timely medical help and rehabilitation support to reduce drug-related health and social problems. Due to the rapid development and iteration of new synthetic drugs, it is essential to keep an eye on and study their dynamics for public safety and health. For further information, it is recommended to consult relevant medical or law enforcement agencies.