Studying successful extreme propaganda cases in history can provide us with some key factors to help us understand the mechanism and impact of extreme propaganda. These factors include: 1. **Emotional appeal**: Extreme propaganda often uses people's negative emotions such as fear, insecurity and _animus_ to create a sense of crisis and urgency, making people more receptive to extreme information. 2. **Simple and sharp language**: Extreme propaganda usually uses simple, direct and powerful language, avoiding complex abstract concepts, so as to quickly convey information and resonate widely. 3. **The use of symbols and symbols**: Extreme propaganda often uses specific symbols, images, slogans, etc. to represent their ideas and values, creating a sense of unity and identity. 4. **Repetition and emphasis**: Extreme propaganda creates a cognitive reinforcement effect by constantly repeating and emphasizing their messages, making the information easier to remember and accept. 5. **Exploiting social dissatisfaction**: Extreme propaganda often provides a simple and direct solution by exploiting people's dissatisfaction, resentment and disappointment with the status quo in order to win supporters. 6. **Charisma of leadership**: Some leaders of extreme propaganda have excellent charisma and speaking skills. They are able to confuse and persuade the public and create an atmosphere of collective fanaticism. To flexibly apply these factors to the present, we should pay attention to the following points: 1. **Critical thinking**: Any information should be critically analyzed and evaluated to avoid blind acceptance. 2. **Diversity of information**: Seek information from multiple sources and avoid a single source of information. 3. **Emotion management**: When receiving information, we should remain calm and rational and avoid being swayed by negative emotions. 4. **Historical perspective**: Understanding extreme propaganda cases in history can help us better identify and resist extreme ideas. 5. **Diversity and openness**: Maintain an open and inclusive attitude in communication and respect different views and cultural backgrounds.