In theory, gene editing technology could be used to create a novel pathogen with a unique genome that cannot be recognized by traditional detection methods. However, it is important to recognize that doing so is extremely unlikely and there are several reasons why this is so: 1. **Complexity of the genome**: Even the simplest pathogens, such as viruses, have complex genomes that are difficult to modify completely. This is a huge undertaking and requires a lot of expertise with a deep understanding of the organism and the specific pathogen. 2. **Universality of current detection methods**: Modern detection methods, such as sequence technology and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), have advanced to the point where they can detect a small portion of the pathogen genome. Creating a completely undetectable pathogen would require an equal understanding of the pathogen genome and detection methods. 3. **Evolution of novel pathogens**: If a novel pathogen is successfully created, it is likely to evolve over time and mutate in ways that could make it detectable. 4. **Potential access**: Creating a novel pathogen would require access to relevant gene editing tools, equipment, and expertise. This would make the creation of such a pathogen less likely. 5. **Regulation and International Agreement**: The creation and use of gene editing technologies to create novel pathogens is restricted by international agreements, such as the Biological Weapons Convention, and is widely considered unethical and unacceptable. That being said, some researchers have explored how gene editing technologies, such as CRISPR-Cas9, can be used to: 1. **Create synthetic genomes**: Researchers have used CRISPR-Cas9 to create synthetic genomes, a major step forward in the field of synthetic biology. However, these designs are intended for probiotic applications and are not intended to create harmful pathogens. 2. **Improving detection**: Gene editing technologies are also being used to improve detection methods, such as developing more sensitive and specific PCR/tests. While it is theoretically possible to create novel pathogens using gene editing technologies, the technical, regulatory, and societal challenges associated with this task make this highly unlikely. **Mitigating factors: 1. **Global surveillance**: The World Health Organization (WHO) and other health organizations continuously monitor emerging and re-emerging diseases. This surveillance could potentially detect any unusual activity and allow for rapid response. 2. **Collaborative research**: Scientists and researchers are working together to study and share knowledge to improve detection and prevention methods. 3. **Biosafety regulations**: Many countries have biosafety regulations and guidelines designed to prevent the misuse of gene editing technologies. **In summary: While it is technically possible to create novel pathogens using gene editing technologies, this is highly unlikely due to the complexity of pathogen genomes, advanced detection methods, regulatory constraints, and public vigilance. The scientific community, regulatory agencies, and global health organizations work closely together to monitor and mitigate emerging and re-emerging diseases and reduce the risk of creating and deploying novel pathogens.