While the concept of "cheap" is relative and may change over time, here are some countries that have historically been considered by many international companies and employers to have a relatively cheap labor force for manual labor: 1. **India**: India has a large population and a large manual labor force with low wages relative to other countries. From manufacturing to agriculture, India offers cheap labor for various industries. 2. **China**: While wages have risen over the past few years, China remains a country with relatively low manual labor costs, especially in manufacturing and construction. 3. **Vietnam**: Vietnam has become a popular choice for many international companies due to its low labor costs and large labor force. The country has a large manual labor force available for manufacturing, agriculture, and construction. 4. **Indonesia**: Indonesia has a large and relatively cheap labor force, making it an attractive destination for international companies seeking manual labor in manufacturing, agriculture, and other industries. 5. **Bangladesh**: Bangladesh has a large manual labor force and very low labor costs relative to other countries. The country's textile industry is particularly known for its low labor costs. 6. **Mexico**: Mexico has relatively low labor costs, especially compared to the United States, and many international companies have moved their manufacturing and manual labor operations to the country. 7. **Thailand**: Thailand has a large manual labor force and relatively low labor costs relative to other Southeast Asian countries. The country's manufacturing, agriculture, and construction industries benefit from cheap labor. 8. **Philippines**: The Philippines has a young and relatively cheap labor force, making it a popular destination for international companies seeking manual labor in manufacturing, agriculture, and other industries. 9. **Pakistan**: Pakistan has a large manual labor force and very low labor costs relative to other countries. The country's textile, manufacturing, and agriculture industries benefit from cheap labor. 10. **Egypt**: Egypt has a large and relatively cheap labor force, making it an attractive destination for international companies seeking manual labor in manufacturing, agriculture, and other industries. It is important to note that while labor in these countries may be relatively cheap, employers must comply with local labor laws and regulations when operating in these countries and must ensure that workers receive fair wages and safe working conditions. In addition, it is worth noting that labor costs can vary greatly depending on industry, location, and other factors. These countries may have areas with higher labor costs, and conversely, other countries may have areas with lower labor costs. When operating in these countries, the following factors must be considered: * Local labor laws and regulations * Worker safety and welfare * Wage rates and benefits * Language and cultural differences * Infrastructure and logistics Ultimately, the relatively low labor costs in these countries can be considered relatively cheap to some extent, but these factors must be carefully considered to ensure the success and sustainability of the business.