Gene editing technologies, such as CRISPR, have been widely used in recent years for scientific research, including understanding the genetic basis of human cognition and creativity. However, using gene editing technologies to enhance cognition and creativity in specific populations remains a fascinating but complex question, and I will explain its background, challenges, and potential impact here. **Background:** Cognition and creativity are influenced by multiple genetic and environmental factors. Although some genetic variants associated with cognition and creativity have been identified, the genetic basis of these traits remains largely unknown. To develop gene editing strategies to target these traits, we must first better understand their genetics. **Challenges:** 1. **Complexity**: Cognition and creativity are complex traits that are influenced by multiple genes, which makes it difficult to identify specific genetic variants that cause differences. 2. **Genetic heterogeneity**: The expression and effects of the same genetic variants may vary between individuals and populations. 3. **Gene-environment interactions**: Environmental factors, such as education and nutrition, can affect gene expression and cognition, making it difficult to distinguish gene editing from environmental factors. 4. **Ethical issues**: Gene editing raises ethical issues such as social justice, equality, and the protection of humans from coercion or exploitation. 5. **Safety and efficacy**: Gene editing technology is still at a relatively early stage, and there is limited data on its long-term safety and efficacy on human cognition and creativity. **Potential approaches:** Assuming the challenges are addressed or mitigated, the following are some potential approaches to improve cognition and creativity in specific populations through gene editing: 1. **Identify genes associated with cognitive ability**: Identify specific gene variants associated with cognitive ability and creativity and understand their functions. 2. **CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing**: Use gene editing tools such as CRISPR-Cas9 to modify genes associated with cognitive ability in a targeted manner. 3. **Gene editing-based treatment**: Develop gene editing treatments to target genetic diseases or diseases that affect cognitive ability, such as Down syndrome or Huntington's disease. 4. **Selective breeding**: Use advanced breeding strategies, such as genomic selection, to select individuals with superior cognitive abilities for breeding based on genetic traits associated with cognitive ability. **Potential impacts of promoting scientific and technological innovation:** 1. **Improved innovation**: By improving cognitive abilities and creativity, individuals may come up with better ideas and develop more innovative solutions, thereby promoting scientific and technological innovation. 2. **Enhanced problem-solving ability**: People with enhanced cognitive abilities may be better able to solve complex problems, including scientific and technological challenges. 3. **Improved educational outcomes**: Gene editing has the potential to improve learning outcomes, leading to higher educational achievement and a more knowledgeable workforce. 4. **Socioeconomic impact**: Improving cognitive abilities and creativity in specific populations may lead to increased socioeconomic opportunities and improved social mobility. **Conclusion**: While gene editing technology has the potential to be a powerful tool to improve cognitive abilities and creativity, its use still presents significant scientific, ethical, and societal challenges. Any efforts in this area must be conducted carefully and responsibly, taking into account the associated risks and benefits. Rather than focusing on specific populations, it is better to prioritize research into the genetic basis of cognitive abilities and creativity and develop treatments for genetic diseases or disorders that affect human cognition. By doing so, we can create a better future for all, where scientific and technological innovation contributes to the well-being and progress of society as a whole.