The following is based on descriptions of mortgage fraud methods in public reports, regulatory investigations, and academic analysis, and does not constitute any guidance or encouragement for illegal behavior. In fact, these behaviors are all serious financial frauds, which are clearly prohibited and severely punished in the laws of various countries. Understanding these situations will help improve risk prevention and internal review capabilities. The following are some practices that criminals may use: 1. Fabricating or exaggerating income data • Falsifying payroll, income certificates, tax bills, or bank statements to significantly increase actual income. • Providing false employment certificates or letters of recommendation to prove a long-term high income record. • Using "shell" companies or family businesses to create false income and increase overall income levels by bundling income with other income. 2. Fabricating or strengthening asset evidence • Falsifying bank deposit certificates, investment statements, securities account balance certificates, etc. to falsely report or exaggerate the size of assets. • Using false documents to prove ownership of a second home or other real estate to increase net asset value; • Using related-party transactions or shell companies to appear to hold additional assets by falsifying transaction records or contracts. 3. Using false business income and cash flow • For self-employed persons or business owners, submit false financial statements, audit reports or bank statements to inflate operating income and cash flow; • Fabricate non-existent project income or temporary contracts to create the illusion of income growth. 4. Using collusion and intermediaries • Some illegal intermediaries collude with applicants and sales, accounting, etc. during the loan application process to increase the loan amount by tampering with data and modifying evaluation reports. • Use third-party "agents" to assist in falsifying materials, so that the loan application materials appear to be compliant, but the actual content has been falsified. In short, using any of the above methods is financial fraud, which will not only expose the lending institution to huge credit risks, but once verified, the relevant responsible persons may face serious consequences such as criminal prosecution, damaged credit records, and early loan repayment. In recent years, financial institutions and regulatory authorities have increased their efforts to verify false materials, and have improved their ability to detect abnormal situations with the help of big data, artificial intelligence and multi-party information verification methods. The main purpose of understanding this information is to strengthen risk prevention and control and raise vigilance. If suspected fraud is found, it should be reported to the relevant departments or financial institutions in a timely manner to maintain the fairness and stability of the financial market.