There are many ways to spread rumors and false information online to affect or damage the credibility and reputation of public figures. Here are some of the main ways: 1. **Social media communication**: Social media platforms such as Weibo, WeChat, Facebook, Twitter, etc. can quickly spread information. If a rumor is widely forwarded on these platforms, the reputation of a public figure may be immediately affected. 2. **Fake news and misleading reports**: Some irresponsible media or individuals may publish false news reports with misleading titles and content, which may cause public misunderstanding and lead to reputation damage. 3. **Pranks and synthetic images**: Using image processing software to create fake images or synthetic videos can forge the words or actions of a public figure and thus attack them. This method is particularly easy to spread in an online environment dominated by visual content. 4. **Internet water army and robots**: Some companies or individuals may hire Internet water army or use robot accounts to carry out coordinated rumor spreading, creating public distrust of a certain figure by posting a large amount of negative information. 5. **Public emotional manipulation**: Rumors often take advantage of people's emotional reactions, such as fear, anger or jealousy. Spreaders may deliberately stir up these emotions, causing the public to deepen their prejudice against someone and affect their social image. 6. **Creating public opinion hot spots**: By releasing negative information in a concentrated manner during a specific period of time (such as a major event or crisis), it can become the focus of public opinion, further exacerbating the public's negative views of the person. 7. **Manipulating search engines**: Through search engine optimization (SEO) or other means, negative information is promoted to the top of search results, making it easier for the public to access this false information, thereby affecting their views. 8. **Spreading conspiracy theories**: Constructing conspiracy theories about public figures, combining false information with the so-called "truth", attracting public interest and discussion, and ultimately destroying their reputation. These methods not only cause direct credit and reputation damage to public figures, but may also cause serious impact on their careers. Public figures and their teams usually need to adopt active public relations strategies and legal means to respond to the spread of rumors and false information in a timely manner.