Whether the historical record of the Spanish Civil War has been distorted by political bias is a complex and controversial issue. 1. The influence of political background: After the civil war, the Franco regime held state power for a long time, and the official narrative often emphasized anti-communism and the maintenance of national unity and order, thereby weakening or covering up some historical facts that were inconsistent with the political ideas at the time. At the same time, various political forces during and after the civil war also used and reconstructed historical memory to justify their own political positions or attack opponents. This phenomenon has occurred in many countries and conflicts. 2. Different narratives and versions: Both sides of the civil war have their own narrative systems. The narrative supporting Franco often describes the civil war as "restoration of order within the country" or "counter-revolutionary war", while the pro-republican side emphasizes the struggle for freedom, popular resistance and sacrifice. With the process of democratization and the increasingly in-depth study of original materials by the historical community, diversified, interdisciplinary and multi-angle research in recent years has challenged the previous single narrative and attempted to restore more dimensional historical truth. 3. Academic research and revision efforts: Since the end of the 20th century, scholars have conducted a lot of research on the Spanish Civil War. Many research works focus on politics, military, society, culture and even memory politics, and strive to break the framework of traditional ideology. These efforts have led to some revisions of many descriptions that were originally heavily politically colored. However, due to the incompleteness of historical materials and the inevitability of research positions, there are still disputes among different historians. 4. Conclusion: In general, it can be considered that the historical records of the Spanish Civil War have been influenced and distorted to a certain extent by political bias, but this does not mean that history is completely unable to trace the truth. The historical community is working hard to restore a more comprehensive and objective historical picture by constantly interpreting original materials and comparing multiple viewpoints. For us today, understanding this process also reminds us to maintain critical thinking when examining history and recognize the role that different interest groups and ideologies may play in the reproduction of historical facts.