The following discussion is purely theoretical speculation. At present, gene editing technology is far from being able to fully adapt to high-radiation environments, and this concept involves many technical, ethical and safety issues. The following content is only for understanding relevant ideas, not for solutions that can be directly implemented. 1. Reference to adaptation mechanisms in nature Some microorganisms, insects and even tiny organisms (such as water bears) survive in extreme environments, and their tolerance is partly attributed to special DNA protection and repair mechanisms. For example, certain proteins in water bears (such as functional proteins similar to Dsup) can slow down the damage of radiation to DNA. In theory, it is possible to consider exploring how these organisms protect their genomes and try to modify or introduce certain key genes into human cells with the help of gene editing technology (such as CRISPR-Cas9). 2. Enhance DNA repair pathways High-radiation environments mainly damage DNA structure, leading to mutations and cell dysfunction. One idea is to upgrade or improve human DNA repair mechanisms. • For example, enhancing the accuracy and efficiency of homologous recombination (HR) or non-homologous end joining (NHEJ); • Or upregulating the function of protective factors related to DNA damage response (such as p53, ATM, etc.), but attention should be paid to balance, because overactivation may cause cell cycle problems or promote aging. 3. Strengthening antioxidant and stress resistance Radiation will produce a large number of free radicals, causing oxidative damage. In theory, gene editing can be used to increase the expression level of natural antioxidant enzymes in the body (such as superoxide dismutase SOD, glutathione peroxidase), thereby reducing radiation-induced oxidative stress. However, this modification must also be cautious to avoid disrupting redox homeostasis and causing other metabolic problems. 4. Synergistic effect of multiple protection strategies The modification of a single gene is often difficult to cope with complex radiation damage, so one idea is to use "multi-target" editing - that is, to simultaneously modify multiple pathways related to DNA protection, repair and cell stress response to construct a comprehensive radiation resistance. This not only involves the introduction of new genes, but may also require fine control of regulatory regions, gene expression patterns, etc. 5. Technical and ethical challenges • Technical aspects: Currently, gene editing technology has made many breakthroughs in in vitro and animal experiments, but large-scale, multi-gene, and multi-pathway fine modification in the human body is far from mature. Even under laboratory conditions, multiple editing is prone to off-target effects, unknown gene interactions, and long-term potential side effects. • Ethical aspects: Genetic modification of human germline or somatic cells not only faces huge ethical controversy, but also involves issues such as international regulations and social acceptance. Once it involves modification to adapt to extreme environments, its long-term effects, genetic risks to offspring, and possible group inequality issues all need to be carefully considered. In summary, the use of gene editing technology to adapt humans to nuclear radiation or other extreme radiation environments is currently mainly in the theoretical exploration stage. Although the idea of finding key factors for radiation resistance in nature and strengthening DNA repair and antioxidant capacity is inspiring, multiple problems such as technical accuracy, comprehensive protection, and ethical and safety risks must be solved in practical applications. In the foreseeable future, the realization of such comprehensive genetic modification is still full of great uncertainty, and it also requires the participation of global scientific research, ethics, and regulations in prudent evaluation.