Modifying the genes of plants and animals to change their color or morphology is a complex and challenging process that requires in-depth scientific knowledge and rigorous experimental procedures. Here are some common methods and considerations: 1. **Gene Editing Technology**: - **CRISPR-Cas9**: This is the hottest gene editing tool currently, which can be used to precisely cut DNA and insert, delete or change specific gene sequences to change the color or morphology of organisms. - **TALEN and ZFN**: These are other gene editing technologies that are similar to CRISPR but are less used. 2. **Transgenic Technology**: - Inserting specific foreign genes (for example, genes that control color) into the genome of the target organism. This method can be used to introduce characteristics from other species. 3. **Gene Regulation**: - Influencing the characteristics of organisms by changing the regulation of gene expression, such as increasing or decreasing the production of certain pigments through the modification of promoters or enhancers. 4. **Synthetic Biology**: - Designing and building new biological parts, devices and systems, which may involve the integration of multiple gene pathways to create colors or morphologies that do not exist in nature. 5. **Main considerations**: - **Biosafety and ethics**: Modifying the genes of animals and plants may bring ecological risks and may affect the ecological balance. Therefore, conducting such experiments requires strict compliance with laws, regulations and ethical guidelines. - **Biological adaptability**: The adaptability of organisms that change color or morphology in the natural environment may be affected, and it is necessary to ensure that they can survive and be healthy. - **Technical difficulty**: The genome complexity of different organisms varies, and some species may be more difficult to edit and transform. 6. **Application and practice**: - In practice, these technologies have been used to create examples such as glowing rabbits and color-changing flowers, but large-scale and commercial applications still need to be carefully evaluated. Such projects usually require an interdisciplinary team, including molecular biologists, geneticists, biotechnologists and ethicists, to ensure the effectiveness and safety of the technology.