In the absence of authorized use of a trademark, you can take the following steps to reduce the risk of infringement: 1. **Avoid using the trademark**: The most straightforward approach is to avoid using someone else's trademark entirely, especially in relation to your products, services or advertising. 2. **Descriptive use**: If you must mention the trademark, make sure the use is descriptive and only states facts about the product or service, not implying any commercial relationship or endorsement. 3. **Add a disclaimer**: Use a clear disclaimer stating that you have no association or sponsorship relationship with the trademark owner. This helps avoid confusing or misleading consumers. 4. **Use generic terms**: Use generic or non-trademark terms instead of using the trademark directly. For example, you can use the category name of the product or a similar generic description. 5. **Non-distinctive display**: If you have to use the trademark, avoid using it as a distinctive feature of your product or service. It should not be the main focus of packaging or advertising. 6. **Modify the design**: If the trademark involves a specific design element, consider designing a mark that is significantly different from it to reduce the likelihood of confusion. 7. **Restrict sales areas**: If the trademark is registered in certain regions, evaluate the possibility of sales in non-covered areas, but make sure there is no intention to deliberately circumvent trademark rights. 8. **Consult legal advice**: Before using a trademark, it is recommended to consult a legal expert to fully understand the relevant legal risks and legal actions that can be taken. By taking these measures, the risk of infringement can be reduced to some extent, but it cannot be completely eliminated. To ensure legality, the best way is still to obtain the explicit permission of the trademark owner.