Spreading rumors and misinformation is a serious problem online, and it can affect or damage the credibility and reputation of public figures in a variety of ways. Here are some common ways: 1. **False news and reports**: Publishing false news about public figures, which may include fabricated events, false quotations, or exaggerated behaviors. If this information is widely disseminated, it will cause the public to misunderstand the person. 2. **Social media attacks**: Using social media platforms to spread false information or malicious attacks on public figures. These attacks often expand their reach through hashtags, spreading suspicious links, or using robot accounts. 3. **Editing Wikipedia pages or public archives**: Maliciously tampering with Wikipedia or other online information of public figures to add inaccurate or damaging information to mislead the public. 4. **Deepfake technology**: Using deep fake videos or audios generated by artificial intelligence to make public figures say or do things they never did in these videos or recordings, thereby damaging their reputation. 5. **Targeted online rumors**: Rapidly spreading rumors in a small circle, through repeated reinforcement of the same theme, so that some information is mistaken for fact, especially in the absence of timely refutation. 6. **Fake accounts and impersonation**: Creating fake accounts that are similar to those of public figures and posting inappropriate comments in their name, thereby affecting the public’s impression of the person. 7. **Defamatory articles and blogs**: Posting critical or defamatory articles on niche websites or blogs. Although the content is unverified, it may be quoted or reposted by some people, thus affecting public opinion. 8. **Manipulation of search results**: Through search engine optimization technology, deliberately improving the ranking of negative or false information in search results, making it easier for the public to find such content. Responding to these challenges requires public figures and their teams to take proactive measures, such as implementing information transparency, strengthening communication with the public, quickly clarifying false information, and taking legal action when possible. In addition, the public also needs to improve their media literacy and cultivate the ability to identify rumors and false information.