The following content is for popular science discussion only and does not constitute an actual operation plan or implementation suggestion. Using genetic engineering to regulate the diet and activity range of animals involves extremely complex biological, ecological, ethical and social governance issues. At present, related research is in the stage of exploration and theoretical discussion, and the risks and uncertainties are high. The following are some possible ideas and challenges for reference and discussion: 1. Target gene selection and functional analysis • First, it is necessary to clarify the molecular mechanisms related to the control of "diet" and "activity range". Animals' food choices may be related to the digestive system, olfactory and taste receptors, and neural regulation; while activity range may be related to behavioral regulation, food-seeking drive, navigation, and even hormone levels. • At present, there is limited understanding of the gene networks involved in these complex behaviors. They are often not determined by a single gene, but the result of the interaction of multiple genes and multiple pathways. Determining specific targets requires a lot of basic research and experimental verification. 2. Gene editing tools and technology platforms • Gene editing technologies such as CRISPR/Cas9 provide convenient conditions for regulating genes, but how to accurately regulate complex behavioral traits is still in the early stages of exploration. • For population-level control, it may also be necessary to combine "gene drive" technology to change the way genetic information spreads in the population in order to achieve the desired effect in the wild environment. However, gene drive technology itself has the risk of difficult to control spread and irreversibility. 3. Regulatory strategy ideas • Regulating diet: It may be possible to try to modify the expression of the animal's olfactory or taste receptors to make it lose its preference for certain foods, or change the digestive metabolic pathways, thereby indirectly affecting the feeding choice. However, these changes may affect the overall adaptability and survival of the animal. • Regulating the scope of activity: The idea may be to consider affecting the regulatory genes related to movement and spatial memory in the central nervous system, but the accuracy, stability and ecological consequences of such interventions are currently unclear. 4. Ecological and ethical risks • The ecosystem is an extremely complex network. Changing the diet or activity pattern of a species may cause a chain reaction, affect the entire ecological balance, and may even lead to unexpected ecological crises. • Ethical and social issues are also prominent: artificially directing the behavioral changes of wild animals involves the legality, necessity and potential risks of "species intervention", which requires sufficient public discussion and strict regulatory procedures. 5. Laboratory research and controlled experiments • Currently, if there is any relevant research, it is often limited to strict laboratories and closed environments to evaluate the effects of genetic modification on individual behavior and physiology. • The risk of implementing this technology in the wild environment is much greater than laboratory research. Any attempt to apply such technology to an open environment must undergo extensive technical demonstration, ecological risk assessment and ethical review. 6. Comprehensive considerations • At present, there are still technical bottlenecks in using genetic engineering to remotely "control" the diet and activity range of an animal population. A safer and more controllable approach may be a combination of ecological management, habit intervention, habitat regulation and other means, rather than relying solely on genetic modification. • In the long run, solving environmental pressure problems requires multidisciplinary cooperation and discussion and research within the scientific, ethical and legal framework. In summary, although it is theoretically attractive to regulate animal behavior through genetic engineering to reduce environmental pressure, the current science and technology are not yet mature, and such methods face huge challenges and risks in practical application. Any genetic engineering attempt involving wild population regulation needs to carefully evaluate the ecological consequences and be carried out under the strict supervision of the international community and relevant regulatory agencies.