In product pricing strategies, psychological pricing techniques are often used to influence consumers' perceptions and thus induce them to make purchases. Here are some common psychological pricing techniques that may cause consumers to buy unnecessary products in certain situations: 1. **Charm pricing (decimal pricing)**: For example, by pricing a product at $9.99 instead of $10, consumers tend to view 9.99 as significantly lower than 10, which makes the product seem more attractive. 2. **Anchoring effect**: By showing a high-priced product first and then a relatively cheap product, the second product appears to be more cost-effective. Consumers may tend to buy products that seem to be "discounted" even if they don't need them initially. 3. **Comparative pricing**: When displaying a product, several options with different prices are provided at the same time, and the middle option is usually the target product. This makes consumers think that they are choosing a "rational" and "compromise" option. 4. **Discount promotion**: Highlight the discount by marking the original price and the current price, even if the so-called "original price" is just an increased price. Consumers are often attracted by discounts and ignore their real needs. 5. **Limited-time offers**: Use a sense of urgency to get consumers to make decisions quickly. Limited-time offers often make consumers feel that they will miss out if they don't buy immediately. 6. **Gift temptation**: Buy a product and get a gift. In fact, the cost of the gift may be recouped by raising the price of the main product, but consumers are easily tempted by "free". 7. **Phase pricing (tiered pricing)**: Divided into basic version, advanced version, professional version, etc., many consumers will choose a version higher than the basic version for "safety reasons", even if they don't need the additional features. These techniques influence purchasing behavior by manipulating consumers' perceptions and decision-making frameworks. In order to avoid unnecessary consumption, consumers should conduct a full and rational analysis and clarify their needs and budgets, rather than being swayed by pricing strategies.