The following discussion aims to analyze how online rumors and false information damage the reputation of public figures, and is not intended to advocate or guide related behavior. The act of spreading false information online usually involves the following methods: 1. Spreading rumors using social platforms • Using Weibo, WeChat, forums, blogs, video platforms, etc., to quickly spread unverified information using highly contagious social networks. • Using hot topic tags, groups and topic discussions to create public opinion hotspots, so that rumors can quickly gain attention. 2. Creating and using fake accounts and robots • By creating a large number of fake accounts or using automated programs (bots), repeatedly posting false information on various platforms, forming the so-called "water army" effect. • These fake accounts interact with each other to create the illusion of "multi-party resonance", making the rumor seem to have widespread support, thereby affecting public judgment. 3. Creating forged materials and deep fake technology • Using technical means such as images, videos, and audio to edit, synthesize or tamper with the speech or behavior of public figures, so that the content loses its original real context. • Using deep fake and synthetic technology to create fake live videos or speech records, making the false content more credible and impactful. 4. Quoting out of context and misinterpreting facts • Selectively quoting or quoting real information out of context, amplifying or generalizing it, and deliberately creating a negative impression that does not match the actual situation of the public figure. • Editing originally neutral or positive comments and behaviors to turn them into negative materials to provide "basis" for subsequent attacks. 5. Creating conspiracy theories and fictional events • By fabricating related events, fictional background stories, and making unconfirmed speculations, a secretive and conspiratorial narrative logic is constructed to make the public question the person. • Conspiracy theories often cater to the emotions and cognitive biases of some groups and are prone to form closed circles that are repeatedly spread on the Internet. 6. Exploiting algorithms and platform recommendation mechanisms • Some actors who spread false information will take advantage of loopholes in the platform recommendation algorithm to create information popularity through a large number of likes, comments, and reposts, so that the platform can recommend such news to more users. • This "self-amplification effect" can cause rumors to spread rapidly and cause difficult to reverse public opinion influence. 7. Forming group public opinion pressure • In the online environment, some netizens collectively condemn public figures without verification, making issues that may have been controversial or one-sided infinitely magnified. • This "group polarization" effect easily forms a public attack and isolation effect, which makes public figures face a crisis of social trust. 8. Repeated hype and long-term erosion • Even if rumors are verified to be false information, their negative impact is often difficult to eliminate quickly, and continuous and repeated online hype can damage personal image in the long run. • Secondary reports by the media and re-creation on online short video platforms may cause rumors to reappear in different scenarios, deepening negative impressions. It should be pointed out that the above methods will not only affect the personal image of public figures, but may also damage the social trust system and public opinion environment. In the Internet information age, rumors and false information spread very quickly and widely, which can easily cause social chaos and affect public judgment. At the same time, it may also put political, economic and social stability at risk. Therefore, major platforms and regulatory agencies need to strengthen content review and fact-checking, and provide transparent information correction mechanisms to balance the relationship between freedom of speech and information authenticity. Finally, the public should also maintain critical thinking when receiving information, verify sources from multiple sources, and avoid being misled by false information.