When formulating environmental protection policies, we should not tend to protect industries with greater economic development benefits, but should pursue equal treatment for all industries. The main reasons are as follows： ### Equity perspective 1. **Maintain a fair competitive environment in the market** Equal treatment of all industries can ensure that all industries are in a fair position in the face of environmental protection requirements. If special treatment is given to industries with large economic interests, it will undermine the fair market competition mechanism. For example, if certain industries with high pollution, high energy consumption but large economic contribution are allowed to “give the green light” on environmental protection standards, they can produce at a lower cost. This is unfair to those industries that actively invest in environmental protection and strive for transformation and upgrading, and will hinder the entire industrial structure from moving to green and efficient.Direction optimization. 2. **Guarantee social equity** Practitioners in different industries have the equal right to enjoy a healthy environment. Because of differences in economic interests in the industry, one part of the population cannot bear the consequences of environmental pollution excessively, while the other part of the population receives unreasonable environmental privileges. For example, practitioners in the chemical industry may face higher health risks due to loose environmental protection policies in their industries, while some practitioners in emerging green industries can work in a good environment. This kind of injustice can cause social contradictions and affect social stability and harmony. ### Environmental quality perspective 1. **Comprehensively and effectively improve the environment** Equal treatment of all industries can encourage all fields to actively adopt environmental protection measures and promote the improvement of environmental quality as a whole. If we only focus on industries with great economic benefits, pollution emissions from other industries may continue to accumulate and an overall improvement in the environment cannot be achieved. For example, although the single economic contribution of agricultural production is relatively small, the unreasonable use of pesticides and fertilizers seriously pollutes the soil and water sources. Only by treating them equally and strictly regulating environmental protection issues in agricultural production can the health of the ecosystem be guaranteed and the fundamental improvement of environmental quality can be achieved. 2. **Form a collaborative governance effect** The joint participation of all industries in environmental protection actions can form a good situation for collaborative governance. Different industries can learn from each other and learn from environmental protection experience and technology. For example, energy-saving and emission-reducing technologies in the manufacturing industry can be applied to the energy management of the service industry to promote the overall improvement of the environmental protection level of the whole society. The bias towards some industries is not conducive to stimulating this synergistic effect, and it is difficult to achieve the optimal effect of environmental governance. ### Sustainable development perspective 1. **Promote balanced industrial upgrading** Equal treatment will help guide all industries on the path of sustainable development. For industries with large economic interests but heavy pollution, promote them to accelerate the research and development of environmental protection technologies and industrial upgrading to achieve green transformation; for industries with small economic interests, reasonable policies can also be used to encourage them to explore environmentally friendly development models and avoid dependence on low-end and high-pollution paths, thereby promoting the balance of the entire industrial system.Sustainable development. For example, if the traditional coal industry does not face strict environmental protection requirements, it will lack the impetus for transformation. Only by treating it equally can it be promoted to expand into the field of clean energy and realize the diversification and sustainability of the industry. 2. **Adapt to long-term development needs** In the long run, equal environmental protection policies can lay a solid foundation for economic development. A good ecological environment is a prerequisite for sustainable economic growth. Only by ensuring that all industries develop within the framework of environmental protection can ecological disasters caused by environmental problems in local industries be avoided, which will hit the entire economy hard, and ensure that economic development has stable and sustainable environmental support. In summary, the formulation of environmental protection policies should treat all industries equally, which is an inevitable requirement for achieving fairness, environmental improvement and sustainable development.