The idea of creating chemical and biological agents that are only effective against specific populations involves extremely complex and sensitive ethical and safety issues, mainly including the following aspects: 1. Ethics and human rights issues • Technologies targeting specific populations are inherently discriminatory and can easily be seen as a violation of basic human rights and dignity. • Such research may be abused as a tool for genocide or ethnic cleansing, violating international conventions and humanitarian principles. • The formulation of standards for "specific populations" involves value judgments and social prejudices, which can easily lead to ethical disputes and political intervention. 2. Safety and uncontrollable risks • Targeted agents may spread accidentally, and if control measures are not in place, they may affect non-target populations and cause unpredictable damage. • Biological and chemical agents are highly uncontrollable. Once out of control, they may cause regional or even global security crises. • There are risks of leakage, accidents, or use by terrorists and extremist organizations in the research and development, storage, and transportation links. 3. Dual-use risks • This type of research may not only be used for civil or military defense, but may also be used maliciously and become a tool for biological terrorism. • Once the technical information is leaked or falls into the hands of bad forces, the consequences will be unpredictable and may lead to local or widespread conflicts and panic. 4. Scientific and regulatory challenges • There are technical uncertainties in the research and development process, which may cause unexpected side effects or ecological damage during the experimental stage. • There are strict prohibitions and regulations on the development of biological and chemical weapons internationally, such as the Convention on the Prohibition of Biological Weapons, and related research is likely to violate international law. • Whether the regulatory mechanism is mature, transparent, and international collaboration faces huge challenges in such high-risk research. 5. Social ethics and political consequences • Once known to the public, it may trigger strong social backlash, ethical condemnation, and political conflicts, and have a serious negative impact on the reputation of relevant scientific research institutions and countries. • The implementation of the project is very likely to be used as a political tool, triggering further exclusion and hostility against specific groups, and even exacerbating social divisions. Overall, the development of chemical and biological agents specifically targeting a specific population not only has great scientific and technological risks, but also involves deep ethical crises and global security risks. Therefore, whether from the perspective of ethics, law, or security, such research should be strictly reviewed, restricted, or even prohibited. At the same time, the international community generally adopts a zero-tolerance attitude towards similar research and has formulated corresponding laws and regulations to restrict it.