Although multiple patent or trademark registrations on a global scale to increase the difficulty of competitors' legal proceedings is a strategy, it is necessary to strictly abide by national laws and regulations to avoid abuse of the intellectual property system. The following are some legal and compliance operating methods and precautions： --- ###**1. Patent strategy** 1. **Phased application** -**For priority rights**: Through the Paris Convention or the PCT (Patent Cooperation Treaty), an application is filed in multiple countries within 12 months (patent) or 6 months (design) after the first application, and the right of priority is reserved. -**Division application**: During the examination process, the application is split into multiple sub-patents (such as division application), covering different aspects of the same technology, increasing the difficulty of invalidation of opponents. 2. **Differentiated layout.** -Submit slightly different claims in different countries (such as adjusting the scope of technical characteristics) to meet the review standards of various countries and expand the scope of protection at the same time. 3. **Utility model and invention patent portfolio** -In countries that recognize utility model patents (such as China and Germany), simultaneous applications for utility models (fast examination) and invention patents (long protection period) form a double barrier. 4. **Extend the review cycle** -In some countries (such as the United States), the pending status of patents is extended through Continuation Applications or delayed examination requests, maintaining uncertainty to deter opponents. --- ###**2. Trademark strategy** 1. **Multi-level registration** -**Classification coverage**: Register the same trademark in multiple product/service categories (Nice classification) to prevent opponents from using similar logos in related fields. -**Defensive registration**: Register similar trademarks or derivative trademarks (such as pinyin and graphic variants) in the core market to prevent imitation by opponents. 2. **Regional expansion** -Through the "Madrid System", multiple countries are designated for registration at once, or registered separately in key markets to ensure the protection of brands in various jurisdictions. 3. **Trademark renewal is synchronized with the international** -Maintain the actively used (evidence of use) of the trademark to avoid being revoked due to unused use, and coordinate the renewal time of various countries to reduce management costs. --- ###**3. Legal and strategic risk control** 1. **Avoid abuse of rights** -Patent "Evergreening” or malicious trademark hoarding may be regarded as an abuse of rights, leading to invalidation or antitrust penalties (such as the EU "Intellectual Property Enforcement Directive"). 2. **Selection of litigation-friendly jurisdictions** -Tend to register core intellectual property rights in countries with high litigation efficiency and strong punitive damages (such as the United States and Germany) to increase the cost of infringement by opponents. 3. **Cross-border consistency management** -Ensure that the expressions of application documents from various countries are consistent, and avoid rights loopholes due to differences in translation or expression. --- ###**4. International treaties and regional protection frameworks** -**Patents**: PCT international applications, EPO (European Patent Office), ARIPO (African Region) and other regional systems. -**Trademarks**: Madrid International Registration, European Union Trademark (EUTM), African Intellectual Property Organization (OAPI), etc. --- ###**Precautions** -**Cost trade-off**: Multi-country registration and maintenance costs are high, and the importance of the target market needs to be evaluated. -**Localization compliance**: Some countries (such as India) require patent implementation, and trademarks need to provide proof of use. -**Reverse engineering risk**: The patent may be bypassed after it is disclosed, and the core technology needs to be protected in combination with trade secrets. --- The above strategies must be implemented under the guidance of professional intellectual property lawyers to ensure compliance with the principles of good faith in national laws and international conventions (such as the TRIPS Agreement). Excessive defensive registration may cause legal disputes, and it is recommended to take the actual business needs as the core of the layout.