The use of gene editing technology to adapt humans to a high-radiation environment is a very challenging but theoretically feasible research direction. The following are step-by-step solutions and key considerations： --- ### **1. Identify natural biological mechanisms of radiation resistance** -**Extreme biological research**： Study radiation-resistant microorganisms (such as **radiation-resistant odd cocci**) or organisms in high-radiation environments (such as**slow-moving animals**), analyze their DNA repair mechanisms, antioxidant proteins (such as Mn-SOD) and radiation protection molecules (such as Dsup protein). -**Key gene targets**： -**DNA repair genes** (such as *RAD51*, *XRCC5*). -**Antioxidant genes** (such as *SOD2*, *CAT*). -**Radiation protective protein** (such as the introduction of the *Dsup* gene of slow-moving animals to reduce DNA breakage). --- ### **2. Application of gene editing tools** -**CRISPR-Cas9 or other tools**： To introduce the above gene targets into human cells, it is necessary to ensure the accuracy and safety of editing (to avoid off-target effects). -**Multi-gene collaborative editing**： Radiation resistance may require multi-gene synergy, and complex editing strategies (such as enhancing DNA repair and free radical scavenging capabilities at the same time) need to be designed. --- ### **3. Selection of delivery system** -**Somatic cell editing**： Use viral vectors (such as AAV) or lipid nano-particle delivery editing tools to target specific tissues (such as hematopoietic stem cells to enhance immune system resistance). -**Germ cell editing controversy**： If embryo editing is involved, ethical and legal issues need to be resolved (currently prohibited in most countries). --- ### **4. In vitro and animal model verification** -**Organoid test**： Verify the editing effect (such as survival rate after radiation exposure) in human cell organoids. -**Transgenic animal experiments**： Create a mouse model carrying anti-radiation genes to evaluate the physiological effects of long-term radiation exposure. --- ### **5. Potential challenges and risks** -**Off-target effect**： Gene editing may accidentally destroy other functional genes and needs to be verified by genome-wide sequencing. -**Immune rejection**： Exogenous proteins (such as Dsup) may trigger an immune response and need to be humanized. -**Long-term adaptability**： Anti-radiation mutations may affect normal cell function (such as excessive repair leading to cancer risk). -**Ethical and social disputes**： “Enhancing human beings” may lead to discussions on fairness and ecological impact. --- ### **6. Assistive technology combination** -**Drug-assisted**： Develop radiation protective agents (such as aminophosphatin) for use in conjunction with gene editing. -**exoskeleton or protective clothing**： Physical protection is still required in the short term to reduce the dose of radiation exposure. --- ### **7. Future outlook** -**Synthetic biology**： Design a new anti-radiation pathway instead of relying on natural genes. -**Space application**： Such technologies may be prioritized for astronauts to combat cosmic radiation. --- ###**Conclusion** At present, gene editing technology has not been able to fully realize the long-term survival of mankind in the nuclear radiation zone, but through the gradual analysis of biological radiation resistance mechanisms, optimization of editing tools and strict verification, radiation tolerance may be partially improved in the future. It is necessary to weigh the scientific, ethical and practical feasibility, and give priority to non-genetic means (such as environmental shielding) as the main protective measures.