Under the premise of complying with national laws and regulations and international tax treaties, enterprises can optimize their global tax burden through legal and compliant tax planning. Common compliance methods include： 1. **Use the tax treaty network** -Reduce the tax burden on cross-border transactions through preferential clauses in bilateral tax treaties (such as withholding tax relief on dividends, interest, and royalties). -For example, countries such as the Netherlands and Singapore have extensive networks of tax treaties that can reduce double taxation. 2. **Establishment of an intermediate holding company** -Set up a holding company in a country with low tax rates or preferential agreements (such as Ireland and Luxembourg) to centrally manage regional investment or intellectual property rights and rationally distribute profits. 3. **Transfer pricing and value chain restructuring** -According to the OECD transfer pricing guidelines, allocate high value-added functions (such as R&D and marketing) in low-tax areas, and distribute profits through the principle of fair trade. -Documents for the same period need to be prepared to prove the rationality of pricing to avoid being identified as tax avoidance. 4. **Intellectual property (IP) migration** -The transfer of IP ownership to low-tax regions (such as Ireland and Singapore) to achieve profit distribution in the form of license fees must meet the requirements of "economic substance". 5. **Take advantage of regional discounts** -Take advantage of tax incentives in the European Union, ASEAN and other economies (such as the exemption of dividends under the EU parent company directive). 6. **Choose a favorable tax resident status** - By adjusting the location or place of registration of the management, the enterprise becomes a tax resident of a low-tax country (it needs to meet the actual management agency test). **Risk warning** -**Anti-tax avoidance regulations**: It is necessary to prevent the review of anti-tax avoidance rules such as controlled foreign enterprises (CFC) and profit transfer (BEPS). -**Economic substance requirements**: For example, the EU "List of Uncooperative Tax Jurisdictions" requires the business to have real economic substance. -**Disclosure obligations**: CRS, country reports, etc. require increased tax transparency. It is recommended that companies plan in combination with business substance under the guidance of professional tax consultants to ensure compliance with global compliance requirements. Illegal tax avoidance or aggressive planning may lead to high tax refunds and reputational risks.